Watch List notes:

The Roman Empire

Vespasian, 69 – 79. Aureus July-December 71, AV 7.23 g. IMP CAES VE – SP AVG P M Laureate head r. Rev. NEP – RED Neptune standing l., r. foot on globe, holding acrostolium and sceptre. C 272. BMC 54. RIC 44. CBN 37. Calicó 653.
A bold portrait and a wonderful reddish Boscoreale tone. Good extremely fine
Ex Lanz sale 135, 2007, 577. From the Boscoreale hoard of 1895.
Both historians and citizens openly criticised Vespasian – the son of a man who made a fortune as a tax collector in Asia, and later as a Helvetian banker – for his stinginess, but this proved to be an essential quality for an emperor in troubled times. Suetonius (Vesp 16.3) reports that Vespasian claimed he needed 400 million aurei (10 billion denarii) to "...put the country back on its feet again". As a result of his close attention to finance, Vespasian struck aurei in large quantities, and unlike most of his predecessors, he employed a wide variety of reverse types. For generations researchers have recognised that many of Vespasian's reverse types recall types from earlier reigns, most especially those from the age of Augustus. Attempts have been made to connect his 'Augustan' types with the centenaries of the Battle of Actium (ending in 70) and the 'foundation' of the empire (ending in 74), but all seem to have failed, as the relevant types are strewn throughout Vespasian's ten-year reign. It is perhaps better to view his recycling of types as a political strategy favoured by Vespasian and Titus, but subsequently abandoned by Domitian. In this case we have a depiction of the sea-god Neptune that certainly is derived from Octavian's pre-Imperial coinage struck in commemoration of Actium.