Litteratur
Prou, M., les monnaies mérovingiennes, reprint 1969, les monnaies carolingiennes, reprint 1969, Metcalf, D. M., Coinage in South-Eastern Europe, 820-1396, London, 1979, Dolley, R. H. M., Morrison, K. F., The Carolingian Coins in the British Museum, London, 1966, Grierson, P., Blackburn, M., Medieval European Coinage, Cambridge, repring 1991. (5)