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Classical Numismatic Group, LLC
Keystone Auction 11  3 Mar 2023
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Lot 14

Estimate: 1000 USD
Price realized: 700 USD
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CALABRIA, Tarentum. Circa 280 BC. AR Nomos (21mm, 7.72 g, 12h). Warrior, wearing shield on left arm and holding spear, on horse prancing left; to left, Nike standing facing, restraining horse; [ΛYKIΣK-OΣ below] / Phalanthos, wearing shield inscribed E and holding two spears, standing astride dolphin left; ZOP to left, waves below. Vlasto 679–82; HN Italy 963. In NGC encapsulation 6625605-055, graded Ch XF, Strike: 4/5, Surface: 4/5.

This unusual issue differs from the standard Tarentine nomos types by introducing a figure of Nike on the obverse restraining the horse; likewise, the reverse depiction of Phalanthos/Taras stands upright atop the dolphin in a fighting stance, instead of riding seated as usually shown. The new types surely reflect the presence of Pyrrhos of Epiros, who arrived at Tarentum with his army in 280 BC to begin his bloody war against Rome on behalf of the Greek city-states of southern Italy. The Pyrrhic victory at Heraclea the same year likely accounts for the presence of Nike leading the cavalryman. Although he continued to win battles, the term "Pyrrhic victory" would soon take on a very different connotation as the war dragged on.
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