TURKEY. Ottoman. Abdul Mejid. 1839-1861. Silver Medal. Medal, 23.70g (0h). . , 1272 AH. . 23.70 g, 36.67 mm. 1855/1856 (= 1272 AH), unsigned, on the return of the town of Kars in Armenia to Turkey. Obv: Tughra surrounded by wreath. Rx: Cityscape of Kars including the castle and the Turkish flag. Pere 1099th. EF Toned. Pere 1099th. EF Toned
Ex Helianthus annuus Collection
Little is known of the early history of Kars beyond the fact that it had its own dynasty of Armenian rulers and was the capital of a region known as Vanand. It had changed hands many times from the Armenian Bagratunis and the Ani to the Seljuk Turks and the Ottoman Empire. In 1731 it withstood a Persian siege and in 1808 resisted the Russian army. During the Crimean War an Ottoman garrison led by British officers including General William Fenwick Williams kept the Russians at bay during a protracted siege; but after the garrison had been devastated by cholera and food supplies had failed, the town was surrendered to General Mouravieff in November 1855.